Volcano-sedimentary processes and deposits
Diagenesis of volcaniclastic sediments
Mrs Rikke Weibel1, Professor Kathleen M. Marsaglia2
1GEUS, Copenhagen, Danmark, 2California State University, Northridge, USA
Volcaniclastic particles, whether as single fragments or the majority of framework grains, provide unstable minerals and glassy groundmass in sedimentary successions which undergo diagenetic changes upon burial. Various factors may influence the degree of diagenetic modification, such as mineralogical and chemical composition of the volcanic particles, particle size, and the overall proportion of volcanic material. Some scenarios of volcaniclastic occurrence and resulting influence on diagenesis in stratigraphic successions are: 1) as beds of pure volcaniclastic/tuffaceous sediments; 2) within hybrid sandstones consisting of mixed siliciclastic and volcanic particles; or 3) within interbedded non-volcaniclastic beds affected by pore waters from adjacent altered volcaniclastic intervals. Here we ask for presentations on sedimentary successions of all ages and tectonic settings that document early diagenetic changes associated with the presence of volcaniclastic material or show how these early changes assist in the interpretation of diagenetic changes occurring upon deeper burial, as well as reconstructing volcaniclastic sediment provenance in diagenetically modified successions.
Terrestrial and marine volcano-sedimentary interactions in modern and ancient environments: the relationship between volcanism and sedimentation on Earth and beyond
Dr Anke Zernack1, Prof Jonathan Procter1, Dr Stuart Mead1, Dr Andrea Di Capua2, Dr Rebecca Williams3, Dr Sebastian Watt4, Dr Rodrigo Fernandez5, Dr Lorna Strachan6, Professor Leandro D'Elia7, Dr Manuel López7, Professor Karoly Nemeth8, Dr Federica Barilaro9,10, Dr Daniel Petráš11, Dr Gabriel Ureta 12, Dr Hugo Murcia 13, Dr Szabolcs Kosik14
1Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, 2CNR Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria, Milan, Italy, 3University of Hull, United Kingdom, 4University of Birmingham, United Kingdom, 5Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 6University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand, 7Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas - Concejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas, CONICET - Universidad Nacional de La Plata, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina, 8Saudi Geological Survey, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 9DiBEST - UniCAL, Rende, Italy, 10CNR - IGAG, Milano, Italy, 11Department of Environmental Geochemistry and Biogeochemistry, Czech Geological Survey, Prague, Czech Republic, 12Centro de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada del Riesgo de Desastres, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile, 13Departamento de Ciencias Geólogicas, Instituto de Investigaciones en EstratigrafÍa (IIES), Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia, 14Horizons Regional Council, Palmerston North, New Zealand
This interdisciplinary session examines the dynamic interactions between volcanic activity and sedimentary systems, highlighting their geological records, environmental impacts, and applied significance. Volcano-sedimentary processes occur in diverse settings - from terrestrial basins to marine environments - and their deposits preserve critical insights into Earth’s history and beyond. The importance of understanding volcano-sedimentary systems through multidisciplinary approaches to reconstruct Earth's volcanic and sedimentary history will be emphasised, recognising their fundamental role in shaping sedimentary environments, landscapes, and natural processes. This section aims to draw attention to the complex interactions between volcanic and sedimentary processes across various environments and timescales. Key themes include the analysis of volcanic landforms, such as the architecture of caldera systems shaped by large eruptions and post-eruptive reworking in diverse sedimentary scenarios, and the significance of monogenetic volcanoes and their preserved environmental records in terrestrial basins. Additionally, we aim to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of volcanic and sedimentary interactions at various scales on Earth. This includes examining the influence of volcanism on sediment routing systems and the effects of volcanic activity in both continental and marine settings. Our goal is to reveal a high-resolution framework of different volcanic system behaviours, as well as unravel the interactions between volcanic activity and epiclastic or carbonate deposition, considering the diagenesis of volcaniclastic particles and their role in sedimentary successions.